[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.uniad.cz\/co-je-to-vlastne-cislo-pi\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.uniad.cz\/co-je-to-vlastne-cislo-pi\/","headline":"Co je to vlastn\u011b \u010d\u00edslo P\u00ed?","name":"Co je to vlastn\u011b \u010d\u00edslo P\u00ed?","description":"p\u00ed (\u03c0)\u00a0 p\u00edsmeno \u0159eck\u00e9 abecedy, je pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1no pro reprezentaci nejv\u00edce zn\u00e1m\u00e9 matematick\u00e9 konstanty. Definice p\u00ed je pom\u011br obvodu kruhu k…","datePublished":"2025-03-05","dateModified":"2023-04-29","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.uniad.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"uniad.cz\n","url":"https:\/\/www.uniad.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/06473a178d94fb830b46e277369729e9534f2612e261ec2f1ee96b672ef473e2?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/06473a178d94fb830b46e277369729e9534f2612e261ec2f1ee96b672ef473e2?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"uniad.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.uniad.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a299052_w2396_t1509126235.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.uniad.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a299052_w2396_t1509126235.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.uniad.cz\/co-je-to-vlastne-cislo-pi\/","about":["Technika"],"wordCount":394,"articleBody":"p\u00ed (\u03c0)\u00a0 p\u00edsmeno \u0159eck\u00e9 abecedy, je pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1no pro reprezentaci nejv\u00edce zn\u00e1m\u00e9 matematick\u00e9 konstanty. Definice p\u00ed je pom\u011br obvodu kruhu k jeho pr\u016fm\u011bru. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, p\u00ed se rovn\u00e1 obvodu d\u011blen\u00e9 pr\u016fm\u011brem (\u03c0 = c \/ d). Naopak, obvod se rovn\u00e1 p\u00ed jako pr\u016fm\u011br (c = \u03c0d). Nez\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na tom, jak velk\u00fd nebo mal\u00fd je kruh, p\u00ed bude m\u00edt v\u017edy stejnou hodnotu.\u00a0P\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed do mno\u017einy iracion\u00e1ln\u00edch \u010d\u00edsel, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee je to re\u00e1ln\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo s neopakuj\u00edc\u00ed se desetinn\u00fdm rozvojem. Nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zastoupen celo\u010d\u00edseln\u00fdm pom\u011brem a pokra\u010duje do nekone\u010dna. Mnoho matematik\u016f a matematick\u00fdch fanou\u0161k\u016f m\u00e1 z\u00e1jem vypo\u010d\u00edtat p\u00ed do co mo\u017en\u00e1 nejdel\u0161\u00edho desetinn\u00e9ho rozvoje.\u00a0Hodnota p\u00ed\u00a0P\u0159i startu v matematice je student\u016fm p\u0159edstaveno \u010d\u00edslo p\u00ed jako hodnota 3,14 nebo 3,14159. Av\u0161ak prvn\u00edch 100 \u010d\u00edslic p\u00ed je:\u00a03,14159 26535 89793 23846 26433 83279 50288 41971 69399 37510 58209 74944 59230 78164 06286 20899 86280 34825 34211 7067\u00a0Historie p\u00ed\u00a0P\u00ed je zn\u00e1mo u\u017e t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 4 000 let a objevili ho sta\u0159\u00ed babylonci. Starobyl\u00ed Egyp\u0165an\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159eli podobn\u00e9 objevy, o \u010dem\u017e sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed Rhind Papyrus z roku 1650 p\u0159. n. l. V tomto dokumentu Egyp\u0165an\u00e9 odvodili pro obvod kruhu vzorec, kter\u00fd ud\u00e1val hodnotu p\u00ed 3,1605. Existuje dokonce i biblick\u00fd ver\u0161, kde se zd\u00e1, \u017ee p\u00ed byla aproximov\u00e1na:\u00a0Ud\u011blal roztaven\u00e9 mo\u0159e deset lakc\u00ed od jednoho okraje k druh\u00e9mu; bylo to cel\u00e9 a jeho v\u00fd\u0161ka byla p\u011bt loket. A \u0159ada t\u0159iceti loket ji slo\u017eila. – I Kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed 7:23 (King James Version)\u00a0Prvn\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010det p\u00ed byl proveden Archimedem. Jeden z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch matematik\u016f sv\u011bta, Archimedes pou\u017eil Pythagorovu v\u011btu k nalezen\u00ed oblast\u00ed dvou polygon\u016f. Archimedes p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eil oblast kru\u017enice zalo\u017eenou na plo\u0161e pravideln\u00e9ho mnoho\u00faheln\u00edku, kter\u00fd je v kruhu a v oblasti pravideln\u00e9ho mnoho\u00faheln\u00edku, v n\u011bm\u017e byl kruh vymezen. Polygony, jak je mapoval Archimedes, daly horn\u00ed a spodn\u00ed hranice pro oblast kruhu a odhadoval, \u017ee p\u00ed je mezi 3 1\/7 a 3 10\/71.\u00a0Zu Chongzi z \u010c\u00edny spo\u010d\u00edtal p\u00ed jako 355\/113, ale jak k tomuto \u010d\u00edslu p\u0159i\u0161el je tajemstv\u00ed,\u00a0 proto\u017ee jeho pr\u00e1ce se ztratila. P\u00ed za\u010dalo b\u00fdt symbolizov\u00e1no\u00a0 \u0159eck\u00fdm p\u00edsmenem a\u017e v roce 1706 britsk\u00fdm matematikem Williamem Jonesem. Jones pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 3,14159 jako v\u00fdpo\u010det pro p\u00ed.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.4\/5 - (12 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Co je to vlastn\u011b \u010d\u00edslo P\u00ed?","item":"https:\/\/www.uniad.cz\/co-je-to-vlastne-cislo-pi\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]